Skip to content

Time Series

Time series are CSV files that supply temporal data to technology parameters — resource availability (e.g. solar irradiance, wind speed capacity factors), demand profiles, and electricity prices.

File format

Time series CSV files must follow these rules:

  • First column: datetime index in ISO 8601 format (YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS or YYYY-MM-DDTHH:MM:SS).
  • Remaining columns: numeric values, one column per variable.
  • Header row: the first row must contain column names.
  • Time resolution: must match the model time resolution defined in Parameters.
  • Time coverage: must cover the full time horizon of the model.

Example (solar_capacity_factor.csv):

datetime,city_pv,wind_farm_pv
2023-01-01 00:00:00,0.00,0.00
2023-01-01 01:00:00,0.00,0.00
2023-01-01 06:00:00,0.12,0.15
2023-01-01 07:00:00,0.35,0.40
...

Missing values

The Calliope runner will fail if the time series has gaps or NaN values within the model time horizon. Pre-process your data before uploading.

Uploading a time series

  1. Navigate to the Time Series tab.
  2. Click Upload CSV.
  3. Select your file. The application parses the file and shows a preview of the first rows and detected columns.
  4. Give the time series a descriptive name (used to reference it in the parameter forms).
  5. Click Save. The file is sent to the backend and stored with the model.

Visualizing a time series

After upload, select a time series from the list. The chart below shows all numeric columns as a multi-line plot for the full uploaded date range. Use the zoom controls to inspect specific periods.

Click a column name in the legend to show or hide individual series.

Linking a time series to a technology parameter

In the Technologies screen, parameters that support time series show a wave icon (~) next to the input field:

  1. Click the icon.
  2. Select the uploaded time series from the dropdown.
  3. Select the specific column that contains the data for this parameter.
  4. Click Apply.

The parameter value is replaced by a reference to the time series. In the exported YAML this becomes a resource: file=... directive.

Removing a time series

Click ⋯ → Delete in the time series list. If the series is referenced by one or more technology parameters, a warning is shown listing the affected parameters. You must unlink the references before deletion is allowed.